Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Introduction To Programming in C

                                         
                  

Introduction.


C is a computer language available on the GCOS and UNIX operating systems.C  is a general-purpose computer programming language developed between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system.C lets you write your programs clearly and simply it has decent control flow facilities so your code can be read straight down the page, without labels or GOTO's; it lets you write code that is compact without being too cryptic; it encourages modularity and good program organization; and it provides good data-structuring facilities.


C is an imperative (procedural) systems implementation language. It was designed to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, and to require minimal run-time support. C was therefore useful for many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language.

Despite its low-level capabilities, the language was designed to encourage cross-platform programming. A standards-compliant and portably written C program can be compiled for a very wide variety of computer platforms and operating systems with few changes to its source code. The language has become available on a very wide range of platforms, from embedded microcontrollers to supercomputers.





  
Download TURBO C 3  here

* A Simple C Program

 

main( ) {
               printf("hello, world");
       }
 
 
 
A C program consists of one or more functions, which are similar to the 
functions and subroutines of a Fortran program or the procedures of 
PL/I, and perhaps some external data definitions.  main is such a 
function, and in fact all C programs must have a main.  Execution of the
 program begins at the first statement of main.  main will usually 
invoke other functions to perform its job, some coming from the same 
program, and others from libraries.One method of communicating data 
between functions is by arguments.  The parentheses following the 
function name surround the argument list; here main is a function of no 
arguments, indicated by ( ).  The {} enclose the statements of the 
function.  Individual statements end with a semicolon but are otherwise 
free-format.

printf is a library function which will format and print output on the 
terminal (unless some other destination is specified).  In this case it 
prints



hello, world



A function is invoked by naming it, followed by a list of arguments in 
parentheses.  There is no CALL statement as in Fortran or PL/I. 

Download TURBO C 3  here

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